Hemodynamic Changes After Endotracheal Intubation In Adult Patients Aged 40–60 Years In Plastic Surgery Ot

Abstract

Endotracheal intubation, while essential for airway management during general anesthesia, often triggers significant hemodynamic changes, particularly in middle-aged patients (40–60 years) who commonly present with hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. These comorbidities can amplify cardiovascular responses during plastic surgery procedures.

This study aims to evaluate the hemodynamic changes—including heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation—before and after intubation in patients aged 40–60 years undergoing elective plastic surgery.

A prospective cohort study involving 200 participants was conducted at tertiary care hospitals in Peshawar. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded at three time points: pre-intubation, immediately post-intubation, and during recovery. Statistical analyses, including paired t-tests, MANOVA, and multiple regression, were performed to determine the impact of age and comorbidities on cardiovascular fluctuations.

Post-intubation, heart rate increased by 29.89 bpm, systolic BP by 21.36 mmHg, and diastolic BP by 13.14 mmHg, while oxygen saturation decreased slightly by 3.27%. Patients with obesity showed the most pronounced rise in both heart rate and systolic BP. MANOVA and regression analysis confirmed obesity, age, hypertension, and diabetes as significant predictors of hemodynamic instability.

Endotracheal intubation leads to marked cardiovascular responses in patients aged 40–60 years, especially those with comorbid conditions. These findings highlight the need for individualized anesthetic protocols, preoperative risk assessment, and enhanced intraoperative monitoring to improve safety and outcomes in this vulnerable group.