Missed Abortion

Abstract

Missed abortion is one of the common disorders during pregnancy, in which the fetus dies in the uterus, but the mother's body has not yet initiated the expulsion process, and clear clinical symptoms like bleeding or severe pain are not observed. This condition can have serious physical and psychological consequences for the mother, including the need for surgical interventions, infection, bleeding, decreased fertility, anxiety, and depression. Several factors contribute to the occurrence of missed abortion, the most important of which include chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus, hormonal problems in the mother, chronic diseases, environmental factors, and lifestyle.

Timely diagnosis using transvaginal ultrasound, measurement of β-hCG levels, and other standard methods is essential and plays a critical role in reducing physical and psychological complications. Treatment methods, depending on gestational age and the mother's condition, include conservative care, medication with misoprostol, and when necessary, surgical methods such as curettage. Psychological support and education for mothers are also important aspects of managing this condition.

A review of the scientific literature indicates that informing mothers, educating healthcare staff, and using standard diagnostic methods can reduce the negative outcomes of missed abortion and preserve maternal reproductive and mental health. This research was conducted using library and review methods, analyzing international and national sources to examine risk factors, diagnostic methods, physical and psychological consequences, and management strategies of missed abortion. The findings suggest that prevention, early diagnosis, standard medical care, and psychological support for mothers are essential for reducing complications and enhancing maternal health. This study provides a foundation for field research and the development of clinical guidelines in the management of missed abortion.