Advances and Obstacles in Biomedical Therapies for Mental Health Disorders

Abstract

Biomedical therapies encompass physiological interventions aimed at alleviating symptoms of psychological disorders, based on the assumption that biological factors contribute to these conditions. The primary treatment methods include psychopharmacology and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Psychotropic medications, such as anti-anxiety drugs, anti-psychotics, anti-depressants, and mood stabilizers, have revolutionized mental health treatment, offering relief to millions. However, concerns over side effects, dependency, overprescription, and long-term efficacy persist. ECT, once widely used, remains a controversial yet potentially effective treatment for severe depression. While biomedical therapies have significantly advanced psychiatric care, ongoing research and ethical considerations highlight the need for a balanced approach, integrating both pharmacological and psychosocial interventions. This review article has been compiled to summarize various biomedical therapies used to improve the mental health along with the limitations and side effects.

Keywords: Biomedical Therapies, Psychopharmacology, Mental Health Treatment, Antianxiety Drugs, Antipsychotic Drugs, Antidepressants