Antihyperlipidemic Drugs and Products from Rhizobacteria

Abstract

Hyperglyceridemia is considered one of the lifestyle-related diseases linked to modern living habits. It frequently occurs alongside obesity, and this association increases the likelihood of developing more severe health issues such as high blood pressure, heart attacks, cardiovascular dysfunctions, as well as complications involving the pancreas, liver, or digestive system. Preventive and therapeutic strategies include adopting healthier diets, increasing physical activity, or using appropriate medications. However, drug-based treatments carry risks of overdose and may lead to side effects, such as disruptions in digestive enzymes, while in some cases they fail to fully control hypertension. An alternative approach is being explored through the use of root-associated bacteria (rhizobacteria), which have shown potential as natural antihyperlipidemic agents. Ongoing research continues to investigate their effectiveness, given the diversity of bacterial genera and species involved. Among them, Bacillus and Serratia have been identified as particularly noteworthy for their confirmed lipid-lowering activity. Bacillus species produce compounds such as DNJ (1-deoxynojirimycin) and AGI (α-glucosidase inhibitors), while Serratia synthesizes FR177391. These bioactive molecules contribute to lipid regulation by maintaining a balance between lipogenesis and lipolysis, reducing lipid droplet and fat accumulation, enhancing lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity, lowering LDL and VLDL levels, and promoting the conversion of phospholipids into HDL.

Keywords: Antihyperlipidemic Drugs, DNJ, FR177391, NO-1886, LPL Activity, Lipolysis, BTD-1E