NANOPARTICLES ENRICHED WITH ESSENTIAL OILS FOR BIOFILM INFECTION CONTROL

Abstract

Microbial pathogens are major causes of long-term illnesses and deaths worldwide. While antibiotics have been effective in treating infections, overuse has led to resistance in bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. Additionally, some microbes are naturally resistant, and the body’s defenses complicate the treatment of recurrent, stubborn infections or those caused by new diseases. Essential oils, rich in compounds that combat microbes, face challenges in medical use due to their volatility, poor solubility in water, and tendency to react with other chemicals. To address these issues, researchers have explored nanoparticles made from biodegradable polymers as carriers for antimicrobial agents. These nanoparticles can improve the delivery and stability of essential oils, making them more effective in fighting infections. They offer several benefits, including better antimicrobial action, increased oil retention, improved water solubility, and enhanced stability. This paper focuses on the use of nanoparticles to enhance the efficacy of essential oils against microbial infections, particularly those involving biofilms—complex microbial clusters that are hard to treat. By using nanoparticles to deliver essential oils, their effectiveness against infections can be significantly improved, offering a promising alternative to antibiotics in food safety, packaging, and medical treatments.