Numerical Investigation of Effect of Nozzle Diameter on the performance of Pelton Turbine

Abstract

A Pelton wheel, also known as a Pelton turbine, is a type of water turbine used for generating mechanical power from the energy of flowing water. Its performance has been investigated on the basis of various factors include nozzle diameter, Head, Bucket angle and many others but, we have investigated the performance of Pelton turbine by experimental analysis, by changing its nozzle diameter which effect the performance of turbine. We have selected different nozzle diameters to perform our experiment. By changing the nozzle diameter of the Pelton wheel, the performance of the turbine changes non linearly. We have increased diameter from 150 mm to 200 mm then absolute velocity decreases from 26.03 m/s to 14.65 m/s similarly shaft power decreases from 1323 KW to 415 KW and efficiency remains constant about 78 %. It causes the effect on the efficiency of the Pelton turbine, work done, shaft power and its absolute velocity. When the diameter of jet increases then absolute velocity of the blades decreases similarly, work done and Head also decreases. The hydraulic efficiency increases with an increase in nozzle diameter up to a certain point, beyond which it starts decreasing. We have concluded that nozzle diameter has effect on different parameters of the Pelton wheel that discussed above.