Climate Change, Rural Societies, and Social Fragmentation in Pakistan: A Sociological and Policy Analysis of Vulnerability and Resilience in the Global South (2023-2026).

Abstract

Climate change in Pakistan is not merely an environmental crisis but a catalyst for profound social transformation in rural societies. This study critically analyzes how intensifying climate shocks (2023-2026) are accelerating social fragmentation through livelihood disruption, inequality, and weakening community cohesion. Integrating sociological theory with policy analysis, it explores the intersection of vulnerability, power structures, and adaptive capacity in the Global South. The research argues that existing policy frameworks inadequately address the social dimensions of climate change, thereby reinforcing marginalization. By foregrounding climate justice and resilience, the study offers a nuanced, policy-oriented framework for fostering inclusive and socially sustainable adaptation strategies.