The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Shaping International Security Policies: Legal and Political Implications for Global Governance

Abstract

The concept of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become one of the most significant changes in international politics that transformed the dynamics of international security, governance and law. This paper discusses qualitative aspects of the effect of AI on the international security policies and the legal and political connotations of global governance. The study examines the ways in which AI-oriented technologies, including predictive analytics, autonomous weapon system, cyber defense and surveillance systems, transform classic deterrence and warfare conceptions, sovereign limits, and war inference. The analysis results in concluding that AI improves the efficiency of the strategy, yet it also brings radical issues in terms of accountability, ethical regulation, as well as normative legitimacy. The current international legal documents, such as the Charter of the United Nations and International Humanitarian Law, are unable to find a proper solution to the problem of algorithmic decision-making and autonomous agency. Politically, AI has increased asymmetries in world powers, strengthening the dominance of technologically superior countries, and leaving out developing countries in the norm-making and governing activities. In addition, the use of AI in military and security systems creates acute ethical issues, such as privacy, discrimination, and human rights. The research finds out that the regulation of AI in the area of security requires a multilateral, humanistic, and legally adaptive framework to facilitate transparency, accountability and fair involvement in decision making processes at the global levels.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; International Security; Global Governance; International Law; Autonomous Weapons; Cybersecurity; Ethics; Accountability; Sovereignty; Qualitative Analysis