Green Composites Incorporated with Carbon Fillers: Rheological, Abrasion, and Mechanical Study

Abstract

The growing demand for sustainable materials has accelerated research into green composites reinforced with carbon-based fillers. A detailed analysis of the natural resin composites is necessary for the designing and fabrication of advanced electrically conductive sustainable products. In this study, composite materials are synthesized by adding different nanofillers of carbon black nanoparticles into bio rubber. The specific characteristics of carbon black (CB) of different trade names , N110, N330, and N550 affect the crosslinking density between CB and polymeric chains in BIO RUBBER. Followed by surface characterizations by SEM. The effects of particle size, structure, and functionality of CB on rheology and mechanical properties of filled reinforced BIO RUBBER are examined. Rheological analysis revealed a pronounced increase in complex viscosity and storage modulus, indicating the formation of a percolated filler network within the polymer matrix. The results revealed that various properties of composite materials depend on the characteristics of the reinforcing CB fillers. It was found that lower particle size and ordered structure provide good tensile strength, tear strength, abrasion, and aging resistance. In contrast, larger particle size and a lower ordered structure provide high flow rate, low hardness, excellent re-bounce, and good compression set characteristics. The potential of carbon-filled green composites as sustainable alternatives for high-performance, wear-resistant applications in flexible electronics, automotive components, and structural materials.

Keywords: Green Composites, Rheological Studies, Mechanical Performance, Electrically Conductive