Building Conflict Resolution Capacity through Peer Mediation Among Students Of Grade 8 In Lahore District

Abstract

School-based conflict is a pervasive issue that disrupts the learning environment and hampers students' socio-emotional development. Traditional punitive disciplinary methods often prove ineffective in fostering lasting behavioral change. Peer mediation presents a proactive, restorative alternative, empowering students to resolve conflicts constructively. This study aimed to design, implement, and evaluate a peer mediation program to build conflict resolution capacity among 8th-grade students in public and private schools across Lahore District. A mixed-methods action research design was employed. A sample of 120 Grade 8 students (60 mediators, 60 non-mediators) and 15 teachers from 10 schools (5 public, 5 private) participated. Quantitative data were collected through pre- and post-test questionnaires using the Conflict Resolution Skills Scale (CRSS) and school disciplinary records. Qualitative data were gathered via semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with mediators, students, and teachers. The intervention involved a 6-week training program for student mediators. Quantitative analysis revealed a statistically significant improvement in conflict resolution skills among peer mediators compared to the control group (p < .001). Disciplinary referrals for interpersonal conflicts decreased by 45% in intervention schools Thematic analysis of qualitative data identified four key themes: Empowerment and Ownership, 2) Shift from Confrontation to Collaboration, 3) Development of Empathy and Emotional Literacy, and 4) Positive Ripple Effects on School Climate. The peer mediation program effectively built significant conflict resolution capacity among 8th-grade students. It fostered a more positive and democratic school climate by reducing reliance on punitive measures and promoting student agency. The study recommends the institutionalization of peer mediation within the national educational policy of Pakistan to cultivate a generation of empathetic and skilled peacemakers.